BRI Countries 50 一带一路非洲国家系列 | Sudan 苏丹

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Sudan is a country in Northeast Africa. It borders Egypt to the north, the Red Sea to the northeast, Eritrea to the east, Ethiopia to the southeast, South Sudan to the south, the Central African Republic to the southwest, Chad to the west, and Libya to the northwest.

苏丹是非洲东北部的一个国家。北部与埃及接壤，东北临红海，东部接厄立特里亚、东南与埃塞俄比亚交界、南部接苏丹、西南与中非共和国接壤、西部接乍得、西北与利比亚接壤。

National Flag 国旗

The flag of Sudan is a horizontal red, white, black tricolor flag with a green triangle at the hoist.

苏丹国旗由红、白、黑三条水平条纹和一个绿色三角形组成的。

Official Languages 官方语言

Sample Arabic Text. Image Credit: http://elearn.fiu.edu/

阿拉伯文本示例。

Translation: All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood. 

(Article 1 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights)

翻译：人人生而自由，在尊严和权利上一律平等。他们被赋予了理性和良知，应该以兄弟情谊的精神互相帮助。

《世界人权宣言》第一条

The official languages used in Sudan are Arabic and English.

苏丹的官方语言是阿拉伯语和英语。

National Anthem 国歌

The national anthem of Sudan is Nahnu Djundulla Djundulwatan, meaning We Are the Army of God and of Our Land.

苏丹的国歌是《我们是真主和我们土地的军队》。

Currency 货币

▲50 Sudanese Pounds | Image Credit: Against the compass

50苏丹镑

The official currency used in Sudan is the Sudanese Pound.

苏丹使用的官方货币是苏丹镑。

The Capital City 首都

The capital city of Sudan is Khartoum. Khartoum is positioned at the confluence of the White Nile and the Blue Nile. The meeting of the two rivers created three cities, each on its own bank. To the southeast lies Khartoum proper; to the west Omdurman; and the northeast Khartoum Bahri. Each of these cities has its own role in the history of Sudan, as well as symbolic landmarks to tell its own tale.

苏丹首都是喀土穆。喀土穆位于白尼罗河和青尼罗河的交汇处。这两条河的汇合创造了三座城市，每座城市都在河岸边，东南面是喀土穆市区，西面是乌姆杜尔曼，东北面是北喀土穆。这些城市在苏丹历史上都扮演自己的角色，也有象征性的地标来讲述自己的故事。

▲In Sudan's capital, Khartoum, the Blue Nile and the White Nile meet to form River Nile.

在苏丹首都喀土穆，青尼罗河和白尼罗河汇合形成尼罗河。

▲ The Three Cities 三个城市 |

Image Credit: Google Earth

Port Sudan 苏丹港

Port Sudan is a port city in eastern Sudan and the capital of the Red Sea state. Located on the Red Sea, it is a logistics hub that holds a visionary investment park and a key oil refinery, as well as acting as a strategic maritime gateway and tourism destination.

苏丹港是苏丹东部的一个港口城市，也是红海州的首府。这座位于红海的城市是物流中心，拥有一个前景广阔的投资园区和一个重要的炼油厂，同时也是一个战略海上门户和旅游目的地。

Omdurman 乌姆杜尔曼

▲ The tomb of al Mahdi | Image Credit Charles Beery

马赫迪墓

Omdurman is found on the western banks of the River Nile, opposite of the capital city of Sudan, Khartoum.

乌姆杜尔曼位于尼罗河西岸，与首都喀土穆相对。

Meroe 梅罗

▲ At Meroë, pyramids of the Kushite rulers | ImageCredit: Wufei07

梅罗，库什王国领导人的金字塔 

Fact: There are more pyramids in Sudan than there are in Egypt, but their sizes are smaller compared to Egypt’s pyramids.

真相：苏丹的金字塔数量比埃及多，但它们的规模比埃及的金字塔小。

▲ Column and elephant - part of temple complex in Musawwarat es-Sufra

圆柱和大象-穆萨瓦拉特苏弗拉神庙建筑群的一部分

The site of the city of Meroë is marked by more than two hundred pyramids in three groups, of which many are in ruins. They have the distinctive size and proportions of Nubian pyramids.

梅罗城遗址上有三组共200多座金字塔，其中许多已成为废墟。它们有努比亚金字塔的独特大小和比例。

Meroë was the base of a flourishing kingdom whose wealth was centered around a strong iron industry, as well as international trade involving India and China. Metalworking is believed to have gone on in Meroë, possibly through bloomeries and blast furnaces, and Archibald Sayce reportedly referred to it as "the Birmingham of Africa", because of the perceived vast production and trade of iron.

梅罗曾经是一个繁荣王国的基地，其财富集中在强大的钢铁工业以及涉及印度和中国的国际贸易。据说，金属加工在梅罗可能是通过锻铁炉和高炉进行的，据报道，阿奇博尔德·塞斯称之为“非洲的伯明翰”，这是因为人们认为当时这里进行过大量的钢铁生产和贸易。

Wadi Halfa 瓦迪哈勒法

Wādī Ḥalfā is a city in the Northern state of Sudan on the shores of Lake Nubia. It is the terminus of a rail line from Khartoum and the point where goods are transferred from rail to ferries going down the lake. The town is located amidst numerous ancient Nubian antiquities and was the focus of much archaeological work by teams seeking to save artifacts from the flooding caused by the completion of the Aswan Dam.

瓦迪哈勒法是苏丹北部一座城市，位于努比亚湖沿岸。它是从喀土穆出发的铁路线的终点站，也是货物从铁路转移到沿湖渡轮的地点。该镇中有众多努比亚古物，阿斯旺大坝完工引发的洪水引起了很多考古团队组织抢救这里的这些古物。

▲Top 10 Largest Countries in Africa by Land Area. | Source: Bing Infographics

非洲陆地面积最大的十个国家。

Before separating with South Sudan in 2011, Sudan was the largest country in Africa. Since separation, the country has fell to number 3 largest country in Africa.

苏丹曾是非洲最大的国家，二零一一年时，因为南苏丹获得独立，两国分开导致苏丹跌至非洲第三大国家。

Attractions 景点

Sudan National Museum features numerous historical artifacts and temples of West and East Semma and Buhen. 

苏丹国家博物馆有许多历史文物还有西、东森马和布亨寺庙。

Tuti Island 图蒂岛

Tuti Island is an island in Sudan where the White Nile and the Blue Nile merge to form the main Nile. It is surrounded by the Three Towns: Khartoum, Omdurman, and Khartoum Bahr.

图蒂岛是苏丹的一个岛屿，位于白尼罗河和青尼罗河汇合形成主尼罗河的交汇区。它被喀土穆、乌姆杜尔曼和喀土穆北“三镇”所包围。

Al Sabaloka Gorge 萨巴洛卡峡谷

This is the sixth cataract of the Nile River. It is great for fishing and boat riding.

这是尼罗河的第六大陡坡。非常适合钓鱼和划船。

Sanganeb National Park 桑加内布国家公园

Sanganeb Marine National Park is famous for its coral reefs which are said to be the best in the world. The park comprises two areas, the Sanganeb which is the coral reef structure, and Dungonab Bay and Mukkawar Island. The site includes coral reefs, mangroves, beaches, seagrass beds, and islets.

桑加内布海洋国家公园以珊瑚礁闻名，据说是世界上最好的珊瑚礁。公园包括两个区域，珊瑚礁结构的桑加内布，Dungonab湾和Mukkawar岛。该遗址包括珊瑚礁、红树林、海滩、海草床和小岛。

Temple of Amun at Naqa, Nubia 努比亚纳卡阿蒙神庙

The Temple of Amun is an archaeological site at Jebel Barkal in Northern State, Sudan. The temple stands near a large bend of the Nile River, in the region that was called Nubia in ancient times. The Temple of Amun, one of the largest temples at Jebel Barkal, is considered sacred to the local population.

阿蒙神庙是苏丹北部杰贝尔巴尔卡尔的一处古遗址。这座寺庙坐落在尼罗河的一个大弯道附近，在古代被称为努比亚。阿蒙神庙是杰贝尔巴尔卡尔最大的寺庙之一，是当地居民的圣地。

El Kurru Tombs 库尔鲁墓

El-Kurru was one of the royal cemeteries used by the Nubian royal family. Reisner excavated the royal pyramids. Most of the pyramids date to the early part of the Kushite period, from Alara of Nubia to King Nastasen.

库尔鲁是努比亚王室的皇家墓地之一。雷斯纳发掘了皇家金字塔。大多数金字塔都可以追溯到库什时期的早期，从努比亚的阿拉拉到纳斯塔森国王。

Petrified Forest 石化林

This is a great place to witness prehistoric trees transformed into stones, this phenomenon is credited to millions of years of fossilization.

这是一个见证史前树木变成石头的好地方，这种现象被认为是数百万年来的石化奇妙。

Sudan is a country with a complicated and rich history, although it is always on the news for the wrong reasons, a trip to the safe regions of this country will change your perception of it and its people. Welcome to Sudan.

苏丹是一个有着复杂而丰富历史的国家，尽管它总是由于误解和负面的信息而上新闻头条，但到这个国家最安全地区旅行将会改变你对这个国家及其人民的看法。欢迎来到苏丹。

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